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Dothistroma septosporum
This is part of dissertation written in 2009 by Thomas Simmons, and is available on request here: (www.makepeaceforestry.co.uk ). ''Dothistroma septosporum'', commonly known as Red Band Needle Blight, is a fungal disease that affects the needles of conifers, but is mainly found on pine. Over 60 species have been reported to be prone to infection and Corsican Pine (''Pinus nigra ssp. laricio'') is the most susceptible species in Britain.
It was first recorded in Britain on Corsican pine in 1954 in a nursery in Dorset. The disease spread sporadically until 1966, after which there were no new reports up until the end of the 1990s. Between 1997 and 2005 the majority of reports were on Corsican pine in East Anglia, although it had been found in other parts of Britain.
The precise origins of the disease are unknown, although there are suggestions that the disease might be from the pine forests of Nepal, in the Himalayas. The origin is also thought to be from the high altitude rain forests of South America. The general opinion is that the disease has been prevalent in the southern hemisphere for some length of time, and that there are now high levels of infection in the northern hemisphere, with unprecedented records of the disease in Asia, Europe and the UK.
== Symptoms ==
The symptoms give the disease its name. The first signs of infection that can be seen are yellow and brown spots that develop on the living needles, which soon turn red. This infection starts on the base of the crown on older needles, which then turn a brownish red at the tip, while the rest of the needle continues to remain green. This can be seen clearly between the months of June and July, after which the needles begin to 'turn up', much like a lions tale. This infection is then passed on to the following years growth, which continues year after year. This ongoing spread of infection weakens the tree over time, with larger percentages of crown infection leading to lower yields of timber, and in some cases, to the mortality of the tree.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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